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To parents who just purchased new videogames for their kids this holiday season, associate professor of psychology at Iowa State University Douglas Gentile says that it’s not simply a “black and white” issue when it comes to how video games affect the brain.

In the article, published in the journal Nature Reviews/Neuroscience, six experts shed light on the positive and negative ways in which playing video games can affect cognition and behavior. The study explains how that knowledge can be harnessed for educational and rehabilitative purposes.